Taenia solium the common name for taenia solium is pork tapeworm i. They are morphologically characterized by a ribbonlike body composed of a series of. Taenia saginata synonym taeniarhynchus saginatus, commonly known as the beef tapeworm, is a zoonotic tapeworm belonging to the order cyclophyllidea and genus taenia. This finding indicated that all experimental animals could also have had access to eggs of the northern strain of t. The coexistence of domestic pig raising and poor sanitary conditions enables the establishment of the parasite life cycle, in which pigs get infected with the larval cystic stage cysticercus by ingesting infective taenia eggs excreted in the stools of a human carrying the adult. Taenia saginata taeniasis produces only mild abdominal symptoms. Pdf history of taenia saginata tapeworms in northern russia. The dna was digested using the restriction enzyme ecor 1 under star conditions and the 24 kbase fraction, selected following sucrose densitygradient separation, was cloned in the bacteriophage.
Taenia saginata has 1230 primary lateral uterine branches, while t. Taenia solium, the pork tapeworm, is endemic in most developing countries where pigs are raised. Taenia solium, the pork tapeworm of man, as adult lives in the intestine of man leading an endoparasitic life. Nested pcr for specific diagnosis of taenia solium taeniasis.
Taenia solium and taenia asiatica are acquired from ingestion of undercooked pork. It is an intestinal parasite in humans causing taeniasis a type of helminthiasis and cysticercosis in cattle. Cestodes taenia saginata north dakota department of health. A size selected genomic dna library was constructed using dna extracted from taenia saginata. Cestodes taenia solium north dakota department of health. It is found throughout the world and is most common in countries where pork is eaten. Difference between taenia solium and taenia saginata. Laboratory diagnosis of neurocysticercosis taenia solium. The disease is a consequence of ingesting cysts present in raw or undercooked infected meat. Stool specimens should be collected on three different days and examined in the lab for taenia eggs using a microscope.
Taeniasis refers to infection with the tapeworm form of one of three taenia species. The zoonotic tapeworms taenia saginata and solium like their definitive host humans have a global distribution and wid ecological niche, t. Molecular diagnosis of taenia saginata tapeworm infection. Taenia is a genus of tapeworms a type of helminth that includes some important parasites of livestock. Introduction taenia solium is a zoonotic tapeworm that has a life cycle. Taenia solium and taenia saginata linkedin slideshare. Human taeniasiscysticercosis is an important public health problem, particularly in developing countries. Taeniasis is the parasitic infection of humans caused by adult tapeworm species.
Occasionally, appendicitis or cholangitis can result from migrating proglottids. Both have a relatively simple life cycle, alternating between man and the intermediate host. The most striking feature consists of the passage active and passive of proglottids. The restellum resembles the conventional figures of the sun, hence the name solium. Taenia saginata, the beef tapeworm, is much more prevalent than the related t.
Proglottid is smaller than t saginata and has 7 lateral branches off the central uterus. Although many species exist, two species, taenia saginata and taenia solium, cause pathology in humans. Taenia saginata beef tapeworm, taenia solium pork tapeworm or taenia asiatica asian tapeworm. A neck about half as wide as the scolex, separating the head from the rest of the body, is where new proglottids are formed that together make up the flattened, segmented body called the strobilus. Diagnosis is by examination of stool samples prevention is by properly cooking. Disease caused by cysticercus cellulosae, the tissue or larval stage of taenia solium. Taenia saginata is the most common human tapeworm worldwide but has been unknown in myanmar. Taenia solium taeniasis is less frequently symptomatic than taenia saginata taeniasis. Visualization of the branches can be improved by clearing the specimen in lactophenol followed by india ink injection into the lateral genital pore. History of taenia saginata tapeworms in northern russia. History taenia saginata taenia solium research edinburgh university research at eu, ctvm was initiated by uk gov. Strong 4 reports that it is the commonest large tapeworm of man, next to hymenolepis nana, in the united states. It is worldwide in distribution the infection is common amongst those eating raw or insufficiently cooked measly pork. A crosssectional study of taenia solium in a multiple.
Their number allows differentiation between the two species. Tapeworm eggs can be detected in the stool 2 to 3 months after the tapeworm infection is established. Types of taenia that cause infections in humans include taenia solium pork tapeworm, taenia saginata beef tapeworm, and taenia asiatica asian tapeworm. Cattle are the intermediate hosts, where larval development occurs, while humans are definitive hosts harbouring the. Taenia saginata beef tapeworm infection infectious. Restate the basic concepts of parasitology define of the various terms related to basic parasitology discuss briefly the life cycle and pathogenesis of medically important parasites apply the knowledge of the life cycle to the principles of laboratory diagnosis learning outcomes. Differential diagnosis of taenia saginata and taenia. Injection of india ink in the uterus allows visualization of the primary lateral branches. Taenia saginata is due to eating contaminated undercooked beef while taenia solium and taenia asiatica is from contaminated undercooked pork. Diagnosis of taenia tapeworm infections is made by examination of stool samples. After ingestion, the cyst reaches the human intestine, where it develops into an adult tapeworm, releasing. Conversely, most patients infected with taenia saginata notice passage of proglottids, which are motile, more numerous, and larger than those of t solium. The highest incidence of cryptosporidium was found in both groups with abdominal discomfort.
Cattle are the intermediate hosts, harboring the tissue cysticerci in. A panel of cestode dnas including taenia saginata, taenia solium, taenia taeniaeformis, taenia. Taeniasis, cysticercosis, taenia solium, taenia saginata, cestodes, coproantigens. Taenia solium is the pork tapeworm, a tapeworm belonging to the cyclophyllid cestode family taeniidae. Taeniasis is an important parasitic condition in asia, especially since all three humaninfecting taenia spp. Humans are the only definitive hosts for these three species. In 2017, fecal examination in yangon, myanmar, revealed eggs of taenia species in 2 children from a monastic school. Intestinal infection with the adult stages of either of the tapeworms, taenia solium, the pork tapeworm, or taenia saginata, the beef tapeworm. Among them 359 were caused by taenia saginata, three by t. Taeniasis is a parasitic disease of the human intestinal tract caused by the adult stage of the closely related tapeworms taenia solium, taenia saginata, and taenia saginata asiatica. Humans are the definitive hosts for taenia solium the pork t. Members of the genus are responsible for taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans, which are a type of helminthiasis belonging to the group of neglected tropical diseases. The larvae mature in about 2 months to adult worms that can live for several years.
It is believed, however, that occasionally a roentgenologic diagnosis of taenia saginata will be of practical value. Gravid proglottids of left taenia saginata and right t. Diagnostic tools for taenia solium leslie js harrison stakeholder meeting on taenia solium taeniasiscysticercosis diagnostic tools, who, geneva, december 2015. Taenia solium taeniasis is less frequently symptomatic than taenia saginata. Taenia saginata, called the beef tapeworm, is a common intestinal infection worldwide. Taenia saginata soliumis suspected, in endemic areas, by the crawling movements of gravid segments in the perianal area. One is due to eating undercooked pork that contains the. Taenia saginata can be distinguished from its sister species, taenia solium, by the absence of these rostellar hooks on the scolex. Proglottids may be cleared overnight in glycerol or stained with carmine or hematoxylin using published procedures if recovered, the scolex of t. Africa, middleeast, central and south america, europe and asia t. Taenia saginata and taenia solium egg differentiation. Human infection is acquired by eating raw or undercooked beef or pork containing the encysted larval stage, the. Greenwood, in medical microbiology eighteenth edition, 2012. Taenia solium can also cause cysticercosis life cycle.
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